Hangor Class Submarine (Type 039B)

The Hangor class is a new class of 8 diesel-electric submarines being procured by Pakistan from CSSC (China State Shipbuilding Corporation), based on the Type 039B/041 design. The programme, valued at approximately USD 5 billion, is Pakistan's largest-ever naval procurement. Key features include an air-independent propulsion (AIP) system for extended submerged endurance, compatibility with the Babur-3 sea-launched cruise missile (enabling a nuclear second-strike from sea), and advanced sonar and combat management systems. Four units are to be built in China with the remaining four constructed at Karachi Shipyard under technology transfer. First delivery slipped to 2025.